"Barrel theory" in the development of standard parts industry

Undoubtedly, the global economic turmoil triggered by the financial crisis in 2008 caused the entire standard parts industry's production and operation situation to be affected. In particular, those export-oriented production enterprises have experienced a sharp decline in their business volume. Some manufacturers' daily production is only 30% to 40% of their daily averages. Some manufacturers with insufficient ability to resist risks have even closed their doors to avoid danger. With the impact of the financial turmoil getting further and further away, from the end of 2009, the production strength of the national standard parts industry has largely recovered. Since the beginning of this year, the production situation of many standard parts companies has been quite gratifying, basically reaching the level of the same period in 2008, and some companies even have new growth in output value.

In the past three decades, with the strong development of China's manufacturing industry, the standard parts industry has also made significant progress as an indispensable basic part of the manufacturing production chain. According to statistics, there are nearly 20,000 standard parts manufacturing enterprises in the country, and their contributions to economic development are obvious to all.

During the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan” period, no substantive progress was made in transforming the mode of economic development. Faced with the new industrialization process under the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” and under the background of the modern industrial system, the development of the standard parts industry has actually been a bottleneck. period. At present, the production scale of many manufacturers is basically stable, and few new standard parts factories are put into operation. Is the development of the industry reaching the saturation stage? It's not always true.

After all, the main reason is that at present, most of the standard parts companies in China produce low-end products, and production tends to be saturated. There is still much room for growth in the production of higher-end products. For example, many engine bolts and chassis tire bolts for mid-to-high end passenger cars must be imported at 60%-65%. The key is the technical level of the industry, and the technical equipment and industrial capabilities have not yet reached the corresponding requirements.

There are only a few 70-80 manufacturers in the manufacturing of automobile standard parts. Over the years, in addition to more than 40 companies that have passed ISO/TS16949:2002's automotive parts supplier quality management system certification, and obtained a limited number of foreign brands of automotive standard parts, most of the companies are still unable to scale. Some auto parts production areas can only rely on 'OEM' production. The reason is that the production of automobile standard parts has the irreplaceability of core technology, production capacity, and product quality. The automobile standard parts are technology-intensive, high value-added goods, and some industrial platforms still do not reach this height.

Today, the advantages of the standard parts industry 'speed-for-market' and 'cost-for-capital-for-capital' have weakened. In the past development process, they have mainly cost advantages and lack of core competitiveness, and they are low-cost and low-tech. The expansion model of expansion; only the ability to create price differences, but lack the ability to create product differences. This situation determines the manufacturing attributes of the standard parts industry, rather than creating properties. Big but not strong lack of core competitiveness of the production methods In the increasingly fierce market competition and the response to economic development in the transformation of the situation, many companies are difficult to sustain, standard parts companies have entered the bottleneck period of development, facing new challenges.

A benign development of a standard enterprise must establish the core competitiveness of the enterprise and foster the internal driving force of the industry. However, at present, most of the standard enterprises in China lack of innovation ability, lack of advanced technology lacking intellectual property rights, and lack of technical talent. The team is not stable, and front-line employees are not sufficiently trained and have large liquidity. The daily production of enterprises is poor at coping with complicated low-end or lower-end products, passive production modes and unstable market environment. It is undeniable that the existence of endogenous defects, such as scarcity of human resources, lack of core technologies, and lack of market expansion, will certainly have a negative impact on the development of the industry.

The scientific research work in the field of standard parts technology has not only failed to achieve corresponding development over the years, but has been constantly 'marginalized'. The original scientific research results of the entire industry have been seriously lacking, and quite a number of standard parts companies have eliminated the tensile test and hardness test of products. In addition, there are no essential measures such as metallographic examination and impact performance test. The inspectors in the company have not received the 'Quality Inspector' qualification certificate approved by the relevant national or provincial authorities, and thus are associated with materials, heat treatment or machining. The problem of product quality is often caused by economic disputes that have become unclear. Economic disputes have become a common phenomenon at present. Many companies often do not know how to prevent bolts and nuts from failing to meet the standard due to the 'mixing of materials' in the steel market. Seriously affect the establishment of the brand in the enterprise; some products 'according to the price of pounds', generally only 0.5%-1.0% of the profits in the commodity output value chain, the actual value of the standard parts of the product has been seriously distorted, the industry lacks the necessary The industry norm, the phenomenon that enterprises are smashed by 'pressing prices' can often be seen.

Nowadays, rather than saying that the development of the standard parts industry is facing a bottleneck period, it is better to say that we are facing the opportunity to promote transformation and promote development. During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, we must strive to promote the transformation and upgrading of the standard parts industry, which is originally a traditional industry, so as to transform the products from the low end of the value chain to the mid-to-high end, effectively promoting the standard parts industry to be driven by factors such as cost. Driven by innovation. Only by solving the 'short-board effect' of the development of the standard parts industry can we have the opportunity to enhance the industrial competitiveness of the entire industry and gain new market space. How to solve the challenges and problems faced by the standard parts industry really requires us to conduct in-depth research and exploration.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology recently issued the Implementation Plan for the Revitalization of the Mechanical Fundamental Components Industry, and plans to increase the supporting capacity of China's major equipment basic components to more than 70% through three years of efforts. Encourage enterprises to cross-industry, cross-ownership mergers and reorganizations, and strive to form a number of enterprise groups with international competitiveness and annual sales of over 5 billion yuan. The implementation period of the program is 2010-2012.

Mechanical basic components mainly refer to bearings, gears, molds, hydraulic parts, pneumatic components, seals, and standard parts. They are an indispensable part of the equipment manufacturing industry and directly determine the performance and level of major equipment and host products. , quality and reliability.

The "plan" proposes to adopt a three-year effort to break through the bottleneck in the development of a number of key components and components in areas such as energy development, transportation, new rural construction, new material preparation, energy conservation, environmental protection, and comprehensive utilization of resources.

The encouraging news provided us with a boost in our confidence. We must keep up with the times and actively face various challenges to jointly promote the continued development of China's standard parts industry.