Copper ore industry requirements
Extracted from copper ore copper metal, according to mining, smelting level of process technology, presented some industrial requirements for the copper feedstock Table following table:
When the associated components of the copper deposit meet the content requirements listed in the table below, a comprehensive evaluation is required for sampling analysis.
For ore with a copper grade below 5%, the ore beneficiation method should be used to enrich copper concentrate. In 1997, the national non-ferrous metal industry standard (YS/T318-1997) divided copper concentrate products into four grades: [next]
The content of Cu in the first grade product is not less than 30%, and the impurity content (not more than): As 0.05%, Pb + Zn 2%, MgO 1%, Bi 0.05%.
The secondary product Cu content is not less than 25%, and the impurity content (not more than): As 0.2%, Pb + Zn 5%, MgO 3%, Bi 0.2%.
The Cu content of the tertiary product is not less than 20%, and the impurity content (not more than): As 0.3%, Pb + Zn 8%, MgO 4%, Bi 0.3%.
The content of Cu in the fourth grade is not less than 13%, and the impurity content (not more than): As 0.4%, Pb + Zn 12%, MgO 5%, Bi 0.5%.
The grade of ore grade is not static. It should be based on the degree of national requirements, market demand and price trends, resource conservation, rational development and utilization, mineral conditions of mining deposits and technical level of mining and metallurgy, etc., and develop reasonable industrial indicators as evaluation. Whether the deposit has developed economic value and the basis for calculation of reserves.
In fact, mining copper mines from a technical and economic point of view, the industrial grade of copper is a dynamic indicator. This is especially true for a deposit. Generally, the law of mining the bed is to be rich first and then poor, that is, to open the rich ore first, and then open the poor ore. With the improvement of the level of mining and metallurgy technology, the ability of humans to use mineral resources is increasing, and the demand for ore grade is also reduced. In terms of copper grade, the average grade of ore found in copper reserves in Western and developing countries fell from 1.85% in 1950 to 1.09% in 1970, and fell to 0.9% in 1975. From 1900 to 1975, the average grade of copper ore mined in the United States fell from 4% to 0.55%. In the past half century, the average annual reduction has been 0.02% to 0.03%. The grade of copper mining in China was generally more than 3% in the 1950s and 1% in the 1960s and 1970s. Since the 1980s, the ore grade of many copper deposits has dropped to about 0.5%.
At present, the mining grade of many copper deposits at home and abroad is 0.5% to 0.4%, and the cut-off grade of individual large-scale mining mines is reduced to 0.2%. It is expected that the world copper mining grade will be at the end of this century or the beginning of the next century. It may fall to 0.25%, and when the cut-off grade drops to 0.1%, some rocks with high copper content may become industrial ore, which will greatly increase the reserves of copper.
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