In the labor-intensive era of the past, the manufacturing industry must rely on a large amount of manpower to meet the demand for production. However, if repetitive and high-precision work depends heavily on manpower production, it will easily lead to many insurmountable problems such as uneven quality and inconsistent production capacity.
In addition, in recent years, global manufacturing and Taiwanese companies such as Europe, the United States, and Asia have begun to face many labor problems, such as lack of work and management problems. In terms of shortage of work, because of the impact of one-child policy on the mainland, coupled with the increase in the salary levels of many families, the number of workers who go to the factory to work is constantly decreasing, coupled with high turnover and training costs, many The factory is distressed about how to deal with the big problem of missing workers.
When labor costs accounted for a substantial increase in revenue ratio, setting up factories in China and Southeast Asia has gradually failed to have the arbitrage attraction of the factors of production of multinational companies, which has become one of the major challenges for global manufacturing operations and development in recent years. In addition to the shortage of workers and the constant increase in basic salary, the impact of management issues is also extremely serious. Therefore, the upgrading of production line automation and plant facilities is an important response plan for Taiwanese companies and multinational manufacturing companies in the face of increasing labor costs year by year. .
As the development of automated industrial robotic arms has become more sophisticated, many companies have introduced industrial robotic arms into existing production lines. This brings not only the benefits of more accurate management of labor costs, but also the effective enhancement of product yields and production capacity, as well as reductions in Pollution, effective energy conservation, and the use of resources, while also taking into account the health of production line operators, reduce the possibility of chronic occupational disasters.
Many advantages in automated production line upgrades have become an irrational trend. However, for many traditional manufacturers or those who are undergoing production line transitions, the automated production line is not very efficient. The cost considerations, talent cultivation, and system integration during the transformation process have become the second wave of challenges for manufacturers seeking to upgrade and transform.
Robot becomes a multinational key development strategy
In June 2011, Obama announced the launch of the "Advanced Manufacturing Partner Program," which explicitly proposed boosting American manufacturing through the development of industrial robots. According to the plan, the United States will invest 2.8 billion U.S. dollars, focusing on the development of third-generation intelligent robots based on mobile Internet technology. If the calculation is based on the sequence of invention and production of robots, the United States is the absolute "big brother." As early as the 1950s, American scientists proposed the concept of industrial robots, and in 1962 developed the first generation of industrial robots.
It is worth noting that the rapidly growing smart industrial robot market has also attracted many innovative companies. U.S. Internet companies represented by Google have also begun to enter the field of robotics, attempting to integrate virtual network capabilities and real-world athletic capabilities, and to promote the intelligentization of robots. In 2013, Google aggressively acquired a number of technology companies and initially implemented business deployments in several key areas of smart robots such as vision systems, strength and structure, joints and arms, human-computer interaction, scroll wheels, and mobile devices.
In 2012, Germany implemented the “Industry 4.0 Project†with the focus on “smart factoriesâ€. Note: In Germany, the industrial revolution was determined to be divided into four phases: mechanization beginning in the end of the 18th century and assembly line production beginning in 1913. Automation that began in 1974 and the smart factory that began in 2012). According to this plan, through intelligent human-computer interaction sensors, humans can use the Internet of Things to remotely manage next-generation industrial robots. This kind of robot will also have a “wake-up mode†in the production gap to solve the high energy consumption problem in use and promote the green upgrade of the manufacturing industry.
According to reports, in 2012, German industry had 273 sets of robots per 10,000 people, which is more than twice that of France and more than four times that of Britain. According to data released by the International Robot Association, sales of robots in Germany increased by 4% in 2012 compared to 2012, exceeding 18,000. At present, under the various challenges such as the shortage of resources, changes in energy sources, changes in the age structure of the population, and globalization, the situation facing the manufacturing industry is increasingly severe.
The largest robot market in China According to forecasts, by 2017, with the increasing automation of automobile factories and electronics factories, the number of robotics operations in Chinese factories will exceed that of any other country. Although China is now the world’s largest robot market ($9.5 billion in scale; matching software, peripherals, and systems engineering, it’s $29 billion in size), it’s far behind robot density. More industrialized countries.
There are only 30 robots for every 1,000 manufacturing workers in China, compared with 437, 323, 282, and 152 for Korea, Japan, Germany, and the United States. As car dealers compete to set up factories in China, the wage inflation will cause the competitiveness of the Chinese labor force to decline. By 2017, the number of industrial robots in the country will double to 428,000.
IFR Secretary-General Gudrun Litzenberger pointed out that “companies are forced to increase investment in robots to increase production efficiency and product quality.†“At this stage, China’s robot market is driven mainly by the automotive industry, but the future Two or three years this role will be played by the electronics industry," she said.
Japanese robot manufacturers have the highest market share, about 60%, but Chinese suppliers have grown rapidly and their market share has reached about 25%. The remaining market share is mostly owned by European and American manufacturers. Four overseas robot manufacturers—abbRobotics in Switzerland, kuka in Germany, and Yaskawa and Fanuc in Japan—have set up factories in China and are expected to add more in the future.
“The automation process in Chinese factories has only just begun.†PerVegard Nerseth, Managing Director of ABBRobotics, points out that “In the past two to three years, the market has experienced rapid, even near-explosive growth, even exceeding our expectations.â€
The automotive industry is still the largest customer base in the Chinese robot market, accounting for about 40% of the number of robots in China. China is the world’s largest auto market and the largest automobile producer. The electronics industry will also catch up with the degree of automation. Foxconn is already producing Foxbot's own-brand robots and is also using robots from other suppliers.
Breakthrough in domestic brands depends on second degree R&D
In China, with the acceleration of industrialization, China is already recognized as a manufacturing power in the world. At the same time, it has entered a period of rapid transition from late industrialization to late industrialization. With rising labor costs and the disappearance of demographic dividends, the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries has become an urgent task. The development of intelligent manufacturing technology centered on industrial robots will become the only way, and the robot and smart equipment industry has ushered in a rare historical opportunity.
However, "whats awry" is that most of China's industrial robots are still in the prototype stage. The robots developed cannot be seamlessly linked with downstream end users. This requires robot manufacturers and downstream users to unite for the second time to solve the problem of the application.
Although domestic robots have also completed the application of spot welding, arc welding, transportation, palletizing, and other fields in the experimental stage, they have not been practiced in terms of actual long-term applications. In terms of loading and unloading, it has begun to see the appearance of domestic robots. However, in the field of welding and other difficult controls, there are few domestic robots.
Perhaps China should learn from the experience of Germany's Siemens. As the initiator of Industry 4.0, Siemens is not a hardware manufacturer that manufactures robots or robots.
The real product of Siemens in robot manufacturing is industrial software. They cooperate with many robot hardware manufacturing companies. Siemens provides software to help them manage manufacturing processes such as robotics or simulation manufacturing. Robots or robots, if they don't operate software, just like people lack the brain, there will be no smart applications. In addition, Siemens can also help companies manage or design robots and manage their manufacturing processes or manufacturing processes.
China's advantage lies in the fact that China now has a lot of manufacturing companies, and these foreign countries do not have exactly that. This may be an advantage of the Chinese robotics industry. There can be a large number of opportunities for joint development with downstream companies.
Industrial robots in the application process, it will be very complex, such as adding a lot of sensors, measurement of force, only when the amount of information is enough to be able to digitize him, only the mathematical model can be applied. The collection of numerous digital information is difficult for a robot company alone. Therefore, the joint development of the second time can really make the robot useful.
Once Chinese industrial robots have their own technology on the downstream applications, they will, to a certain extent, make Chinese robots more autonomous. This point has even been seen by Japanese companies. Japan's Yaskawa Electric official said that in the robotization process, it is necessary to improve the accuracy of parts, systems and applications (tools), which is the subject of the Chinese market.
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