Loader Knowledge Introduction
Loader knowledge profile:
First, the use of loaders:
The loader is mainly used for shoveling, loading, unloading, earth moving, and stone materials, as well as light shoveling of rock and hard soil. If you change the different working devices, you can also complete the tasks of dozing, lifting, and loading and unloading other materials. In road construction, it is mainly used for the filling and excavation of roadbed works, and for aggregate and loading of asphalt and cement concrete stockyards.
Second, the advantages of the loader: It has the advantages of fast operation speed, good maneuverability, and easy operation, so it has developed rapidly and has become the main machinery in earth and stone construction.
Second, the classification of loaders: commonly used single bucket loader, according to the engine power, transmission form, structure of the traveling system, loading methods of classification.
1, engine power:
1 Power is less than 74kw for small loaders.
2 power at 74 ~ 147kw for the medium-sized loader
3 power at 147 ~ 515kw for a large loader
4 Power is greater than 515kw for extra large loaders
2. Transmission form:
1 Hydraulic-mechanical transmission, small shock and vibration, long service life of transmission parts, convenient operation, automatic adjustment between speed and external load, generally used in medium and large loaders;
2hydraulic power transmission: It can be steplessly speed-adjustable and easy to operate, but its startability is poor. It is generally adopted only on small loaders;
3 Electric power transmission: Stepless speed regulation, reliable operation, simple maintenance, high cost, generally adopted on large loaders.
3, walking structure:
1 Tyre type: light weight, high speed, flexible, high efficiency, difficult to damage the road, ground pressure, pass through poor, but widely used;
2 Crawler: Smaller than the ground pressure, good passability, low center of gravity, good stability, strong adhesion, large traction, greater than the cutting force, low speed, relatively poor flexibility, high cost, easy to damage the road when walking.
4, loading and unloading methods:
1 front unloading: simple structure, reliable work, good vision, suitable for a variety of job sites, a wide range of applications;
2 Rotary type: The working device is installed on the turntable that can rotate 360°. The side unloading does not need to change the head, but the work efficiency is high, but the structure is complex, the quality is high, the cost is high, and the stability of the side is poor, and it is suitable for a relatively small and small venue.
3 rear unloading type: front-loading, back-end unloading, high operating efficiency, poor job security.
Boiler auxiliary equipment mainly includes water supply equipment, ventilation equipment, fuel supply, slag removal and dust removal equipment, steam and water pipes and accessories, detection instruments and automatic control equipment.
1. Water supply equipment
It is composed of water treatment equipment, water supply tank and feed pump 24. Water treatment equipment is used to remove impurities in water, such as oxygen, calcium and magnesium ions, to avoid scaling and corrosion on the inner wall of steam boiler, and to ensure the quality of boiler water supply. The treated boiler feed water is lifted by the feed water pump and then sent to the upper drum through the economizer.
2. Ventilation
The ventilation equipment includes air supply fan, induced draft fan and chimney. Its function is to provide air for mule fuel combustion and lead out combustion product flue gas from the boiler, so as to ensure the normal combustion, and make the flue gas wash the heating surface at the necessary flow rate of 7a68696466fe78988e69d8331333433626465 to strengthen heat transfer. Finally, the stack with a certain height will exhaust the smoke to the atmosphere to reduce the smoke pollution and improve environmental health.
3. Fuel supply, slag removal and dust removal equipment
This is for conveying fuel to boiler, removing ash and purifying flue gas. Belt conveyor, ash conveyor, ash truck and dust remover, etc. For boilers that need to be pre processed with fuel, fuel preparation such as screening, crushing and coal grinding shall also be included. In addition, the dust remover or flue gas desulfurization and denitrification device installed in the flue at the tail of the boiler is an indispensable auxiliary equipment to reduce the smoke pollution and protect the environment.
4. Check instruments and automatic control equipment
In addition to water level gauge, pressure gauge, safety valve and other instruments installed on the boiler body, in order to supervise, regulate and control the safe and economic normal operation of the boiler equipment, a series of instruments, automatic boiler feed water regulating device, automatic fuel combustion control device, etc. are often installed. Some boiler rooms are also equipped with industrial television and remote control device and even more modern automatic control system, more Scientific supervision. Control boiler operation.
Boiler auxiliary equipment, not every boiler is equipped completely, but with the boiler capacity, type, fuel characteristics and combustion mode as well as water quality characteristics and many other factors to adapt to local conditions, adapt to the times, more practical requirements and objective conditions.
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